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  "documentTitle": "Shopify | Investor Presentation Deck | 42 slides",
  "authorId": "shopify",
  "authorName": "Shopify",
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  "presentationDate": "2023-02-01 00:00:00",
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      "text": "Expressed in US$000s",
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      "text": "2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Q4'21 Q4'22 GAAP Research and development 230,674 355,015 552,127 854,383 1,503,234 273,912 440,547 less: Research and development SBC and SBC-related payroll taxes 59,575 104,645 188,249 250,787 396,057 74,932 103,587 less: Amortization of acquired intangibles - 232 233 206 76 32 - less: Severance related costs - - - - 8,402 - - Non-GAAP Research and development 171,099 250,138 363,645 603,390 1,098,693 198,948 336,960 % of Revenue 16% 16% 12% 13% 20% 14% 19% GAAP General and administrative 107,444 153,765 245,343 374,844 707,765 101,054 214,651 less: General and administrative SBC and SBC-related payroll taxes 17,690 29,861 52,195 91,337 93,206 18,735 24,447 less: Impairment of right-of-use assets and leasehold improvements - - 31,623 30,145 84,314 - 84,314 less: Severance related costs - - - - 11,234 - - less: Litigation contingencies - - - - 97,000 - - Non-GAAP General and administrative 89,754 123,904 161,525 253,362 422,011 82,319 105,890 % of Revenue 8% 8% 6% 5% 8% 6% 6%",
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      "evidence": "The deck concludes with a vision for the future, including investment highlights, roadmap, and market sizing.",
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