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      "text": "We define a Daily Active User, or DAU, as a registered Snapchat user who opens the Snapchat application at least once during a defined 24-hour period. We calculate average DAUs for a particular quarter by adding the number of DAUs on each day of that quarter and dividing that sum by the number of days in that quarter. DAUs are broken out by geography because markets have different characteristics. We define average revenue per user, or ARPU, as quarterly revenue divided by the average DAUs.",
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      "text": "Unless otherwise stated, statistical information regarding our users and their activities is determined by calculating the daily average of the selected activity for the most recently completed quarter.",
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      "text": "Some demographic data may be incomplete or inaccurate: users self-report dates of birth, users who signed up before June 2013 were not asked for date of birth, and incorrect or incomplete user-provided information about age or other attributes may cause estimates to fail to meet investor expectations.",
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      "text": "While these metrics are determined based on what we believe to be reasonable estimates of our user base for the applicable period of measurement, there are inherent challenges in measuring how our products are used across large populations globally. Issues include unauthorized or multiple Snapchat accounts; impacts from product, infrastructure, OS, or tracking-system changes; and undercounting due to offline use of features or poor connectivity in Rest of World markets. Snap does not adjust reported metrics for this underreporting and notes there is no uniform industry standard.",
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      "text": "For purposes of calculating ARPU, revenue by user geography is apportioned to each region based on our determination of the geographic location in which advertising impressions are delivered, as this approximates revenue based on user activity. This allocation differs from our components of revenue disclosure in the notes to our consolidated financial statements, where revenue is based on the billing address of the advertising customer.",
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