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  "documentTitle": "QuantumScape (QS)",
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      "text": "“Coulombic efficiency and capacity vs cycle graphs should use reasonable y-axis scales. For instance, Coulombic efficiency should not be reported on a y-axis scale of 0-100% but rather 90-100% etc.”",
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      "text": "This creates the misleading impression that the cycle life trend is flat – that is, battery life is stable and barely degrades over time, under low temperature conditions",
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      "text": "Joule checklist warns against the trick above",
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      "text": "Slide #22 from QS December 8th “Battery Showcase”",
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      "text": "This creates the misleading impression that the cycle life trend is flat – that is, battery life is stable and barely degrades over time, under low temperature conditions",
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      "text": "Y-axis is scaled from 0-100%, even though the 4 test cells shown are all between 95-100%",
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      "text": "For example, one of the key criteria for a solid-state battery to be commercially viable is its lifespan and operability in cold weather conditions. The data slide that Quantumscape uses for this parameter uses the exact trick that the checklist cautions against. We discuss this in more detail in a later section.",
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      "text": "Coulombic efficiency and capacity vs cycle graphs should use reasonable y-axis scales. For instance, Coulombic efficiency should not be reported on a y-axis scale of 0-100% but rather 90-100% etc. — Joule checklist",
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      "text": "Source: https://s26.q4cdn.com/263384136/files/doc_presentation/2021/1/Data-Launch-Updated-Post-Presentation-20210107-2.pdf ; https://www.cell.com/pb-assets/journals/research/joule/Checklist_Batteries_v1_(006)-1608320062.pdf",
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      "text": "1) Introduction to Quantumscape",
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      "text": "The “battery fraud” checklist even warns against specific tricks prevalent in Quantumscape’s data presentation, such as using misleading Y-axis scales for key metrics.",
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