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  "documentTitle": "QuantumScape (QS)",
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  "authorName": "Scorpion Capital",
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      "text": "Paper on solid-state battery failure due to mechanical stress from lithium expansion - \"a critical and unsolved issue\"",
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      "text": "Red flag 3: Solid-state cells expand while charging due to properties of lithium metal, dooming efforts to stack them in layers. Experts and ex-employees indicate it’s basically unsolvable: “mechanical breathing,” swollen cells.",
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      "text": "\"Most Li-ion battery electrode materials experience volume changes during lithiation and de-lithiation... mechanical degradation becomes a critical and unsolved issue...\"",
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      "text": "Evaluation of The Electrochemo-Mechanically Induced Stress in All-Solid-State Li-Ion Batteries",
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      "kind": "quote",
      "text": "The mechanics are extremely important, and this is why the single-layer thing is such a big deal. Lithium metal is a piston. That means that when it charges, it's actually expanding in volume...",
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      "text": "“The mechanics are extremely important, and this is why the single-layer thing is such a big deal. Lithium metal is a piston. That means that when it charges, it's actually expanding in volume. So, when you have 20 or 50 or 100 layers together and they're constantly going back and forth, you have mechanical breathing that's way more than the mechanical breathing that you see in lithium-ion. So, the mechanics of this cell may be much more favorable than if you had a multi-layer cell. This is one example where I can for sure say I would love to see this in a multi-layer cell.” — Solid state expert",
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      "text": "Source: Scorpion Capital consultation calls with experts; https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1149/1945-7111/ab8f5b",
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      "text": "4) Multi-layer cells: a fraudulent narrative to cover-up a failure",
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