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  "documentTitle": "Ginkgo Bioworks (DNA)",
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      "text": "Ex-employees demystified the “Foundry” hype as little more than miniaturization of well plates, using liquid handling machines from the same suppliers Zymergen and everyone else uses.",
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      "text": "Well plates sell for $1 each and are similar to ice cube trays, except with hundreds or thousands of “test tubes” for liquid samples. Ex-employees demystified the “Foundry” hype as little more than miniaturization of well plates, using liquid handling machines from the same suppliers Zymergen and everyone else uses. The machines are a substitute for humans manually injecting samples into hundreds of wells, as part of the typical trial and error process of throwing hundreds of modified yeast strains at the wall to see which ones may excrete anything useful.",
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      "text": "Just miniaturization of well plates\n“Behind all the words and the beautiful photos and stuff, what's happening...there's miniaturization of every experiment that's happening. Traditionally, in molecular biology, one of the limiting factors was the size of the equipment that you had to run an experiment. I encourage you to google image search 96 well plate. That was the industry standard for a lot of companies where you can do 96 samples at once that are compatible with robots, but mainly not robots, mainly just a pipette in your hand. What Ginkgo started doing early on was bringing in-house automation that would allow you to use 384 well plates. If you google that, it's the same dimensions of a plate, but you can fit more samples in one. And the next-gen version is 1536 wells and the same thing. And so, all of the tools that they're using aren't custom, but it's the way that they're connecting everything together. So, all of these robots are part of big integrated workflows where for the same amount of time and cost, you can generate 1536 data points instead of 96.” - - Former Ginkgo employee, longtime direct report to CEO Jason Kelly",
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      "text": "Source: Scorpion Capital consultation calls with experts",
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