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      "text": "Critics call into question both the effectiveness of the method in detecting CSAM and its potential invasion of privacy.\nIt was found that NeuralHash occasionally results in collisions (semantically different images having the same hash), which might give human reviewers unnecessary access to private photos.\nResearchers further worry that since NeuralHash is based on neural networks, it might be sensitive to adversarial attacks which maliciously cause the algorithm to identify regular photos as CSAM.\nIn response, Apple insisted that the version of NeuralHash analyzed by researchers will be improved before it is deployed.",
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      "text": "To detect Child Sexual Abuse Material (CSAM) while preserving user privacy, Apple intended to use NeuralHash, a hashing method for images based on neural networks. Apple claimed that this method enabled images to be compared on device with a known CSAM database while only having access to the photos if they contain CSAM. Faced with criticism from privacy advocates and technical experts, Apple delayed the launch of their system.",
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