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  "documentTitle": "The importance of being human in a digital world",
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  "notes": "This is a page from an academic publication by David Lyon.",
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      "text": "Surveillance frequently requires sensitive regulation - and indeed may also need to be dismantled entirely if its results have the potential to threaten human flourishing.",
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      "text": "A case-in-point in Canada is the way that the telecom company Telus sold mobile data to the Public Health Agency of Canada from early stages of the pandemic, something that was not revealed to the public until the end of 2021. This prompted a parliamentary committee to debate the meaning and significance of the move. Various important questions were raised by the federal Office of the Privacy Commissioner. Among them was the reminder that even nominally “deidentified” data still has personal referents and should still be subject to legal protection. Surveillance frequently requires sensitive regulation – and indeed may also need to be dismantled entirely if its results have the potential to threaten human flourishing. In pandemic conditions, inappropriate but avoidable liberties seem to have been taken with commercial data in the hands of a government agency.",
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      "text": "central concern to computer science students. At least in North America and Europe, they are often taught in ways that assume “algorithmic objectivity” and “technological autonomy.” This kind of thinking tends to privilege technocratic understandings over human experiences of a given phenomenon.",
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      "text": "The costs of this disconnection to the human were evident during the pandemic. Much evidence exists of data science disengagement from the questions about how algorithms will be used and of inevitabilism that data science will provide all necessary for a promised recovery and return to “normal.” Citizens were often told to simply “listen to the science.” Governments wished to be seen as “doing something” and tech companies promised that they could offer systems and software that would address the public health crisis effectively and rapidly.",
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      "text": "This “disengagement” from the actual human effects and implications of data science is also highly visible in surveillance capitalism, as Shoshana Zuboff (2019) observes. It has much to do with what she calls “inevitabilism.” This doctrine of inevitabilism, from the “proselytizers of ubiquitous computing” states that what is currently partial will soon become a new phase of history where data science has relieved humanity of much tedious decision-making (Zuboff 2019: 194). Forget human agency and the choices of communities. Just stand by and watch “technologies work their will, resolutely protecting power from challenge” (Zuboff 2019, 224). For Google, one way for this to happen involves Sidewalk Labs, a smart city initiative under the Alphabet (Google’s parent company) umbrella. Such cities, one of which almost began life in Toronto, would have had “technology solve big urban problems” and “make a lot of money” (Zuboff 2019, 229). Among other things, Toronto’s Sidewalk Labs bid failed because someone asked the questions that Zuboff argues are too often forgotten, “Who knows? Who decides? Who decides who decides?” (Zuboff 2019, 230).",
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      "text": "4 Government of Canada records show that “listening to the science” was a key pandemic debate in that country. See www.ourcommons.ca/DocumentViewer/en/44-1/house/sitting-45/hansard. 5 The ETHI Committee included a speech by the federal Privacy Commissioner, Daniel Therrien, on February 7, 2022. See: www.priv.gc.ca/en/opc-actions-and-decisions/advice-to-parliament/2022/parl_20220207/",
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