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  "documentTitle": "The importance of being human in a digital world",
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      "text": "Within a few years, machine-written language may become \"the norm and human-written prose the exception\".",
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      "text": "1 “Last June, a tweaked version of GPT-J, an open-source model, was patched into the anonymous message board 4chan and posted 15,000 largely toxic messages in 24 hours. . . . What if . . . millions or billions of such posts every single day [began] flooding the open internet, commingling with search results, spreading across social-media platforms, infiltrating Wikipedia entries, and, above all, providing fodder to be mined for future generations of machine-learning systems? . . . We may quickly find ourselves facing a textpocalypse, where machine-written language becomes the norm and human-written prose the exception” (Kirschenbaum 2023).",
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      "text": "2 LLMs coupled with machine vision programs to evade CAPTCHAs (Completely Automated Public Turing tests to tell Computers and Humans Apart) are the specific disinformation, misinformation, and demoralization threat anticipated here. While disinformation and misinformation involve the weaponization of false information, demoralization of a group or polity can arise when its members or citizens are bombarded by one-sided narratives (of any level of truth) designed to instill shame and doubt about the group or polity, particularly when such narratives are sponsored by authoritarian regimes or extremists who severely limit or eliminate the exposure of their own subjects or followers to similarly demoralizing narratives. This theory of demoralization builds on the account of asymmetrical openness to argument which I developed in earlier work (Pasquale 2018).",
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      "text": "AI is also poised to play a dramatically more intimate and important role in parasocial and social relationships, displacing human influencers, entertainers, friends, and partners. Not only is technology becoming more capable of simulating human thought, will, and emotional response, but it is doing so at an inhuman pace. A mere human manipulator can only learn from a limited number of encounters and resources; algorithms can develop methods of manipulation at scale,",
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      "text": "Within a few years, machine-written language may become “the norm and human-written prose the exception” (Kirschenbaum 2023). Generative Artificial Intelligence is now poised to create profiles on social media sites and post far more than any human can – perhaps by orders of magnitude. Unscrupulous academics and public relations firms may use article-generating and -submitting artificial intelligence (AI) to spam journals and journalists. The science fiction magazine Clarkesworld closed down its open submission window in 2023 because of a deluge of content likely created by generative AI. There is already evidence of the weaponization of social media, and AI promises to supercharge it (Jankowicz 2020; Singer 2018).",
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      "text": "Cultural Foundations for Conserving Human Capacities in an Era of Generative Artificial Intelligence",
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