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      "text": "We try to improve humans technically so that they become similar to robots; and we try to make robots that become indistinguishably similar to a certain image of the perfect human.",
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      "text": "In this picture, we have Turing on the one hand, trying to build a computer which could be mistaken to be human: we need to work on our technological counterpart to make it as good as human. On the other hand, we have Frischmann, Selinger, and Pasquale, who show us that people – humans – are becoming more and more similar to machines: they contend that we are working on ourselves in order to be ever more perfectly technologically human.",
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      "text": "While there is no uncontested concept of the human nature, it does seem plausible to argue that human nature is neither something purely accidental, historically completely variable, and relative. It is possible to distinguish characteristics which express what is meant by being human, even though these expressions differ historically, and culturally.",
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      "text": "To quote one last passage, this time by Pasquale: “The future that [the robot] Adam imagines . . . reduces the question of human perfectibility to one of transparency and predictability. But disputes and reflection on how to lead life well are part of the essence of being human”",
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      "text": "To engage with this rather complex question adequately, I suggest approaching it through a novel whose very topic is the relation between humans and machines: Ian McEwan’s (2019) novel Machines Like Me. I want to illustrate the problematic by taking up this different perspective on the technological world because, in this novel, McEwan describes the relationship between a human being and an almost-human being; an extraordinarily well-constructed, sensitive, and intelligent robot whose name is Adam.",
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      "text": "As we collectively race down the path toward smart techno-social systems that efficiently govern more and more of our lives, we run the risk of losing ourselves along the way. We risk becoming increasingly predictable, and, worse, programmable, like mere cogs in a machine.",
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      "text": "The future that [the robot] Adam imagines . . . reduces the question of human perfectibility to one of transparency and predictability. But disputes and reflection on how to lead life well are part of the essence of being human (Pasquale 2020, 209, emphasis mine).",
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