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      "text": "Given the centralized control that algorithms will (and to an extent already do) exert over various aspects of human mobility, and the differing qualities of mobility service that individuals might be subject to in an algorithmically controlled system, mobility shaping practices thus threaten to exacerbate existing mobility inequalities, while inventing whole new categories of harm to the people who move through space.",
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      "text": "As we have described, mobility shaping can result in the uneven and problematic distribution of mobility benefits and harms. As mobility shaping becomes more prevalent and displaces traditional individual driver-determined forms of navigation, it will be important to examine whether any scheme of altering people’s ability to move from place to place results in a permissible or impermissible distribution of those affordances.",
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      "text": "In the mobility context, throttling can be thought of as the deliberate manipulation of the time it takes to travel between two locations; it is the algorithmic creation of fast lanes and traffic jams.",
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      "text": "11.4 THE NEED FOR AN ETHICS OF MOBILITY SHAPING",
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