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  "documentTitle": "PKR CMD 2024 Informal market overview",
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  "authorName": "Sustainable Livelihoods Foundation",
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      "text": "'little is known of informal businesses or the factors that foster or inhibit their development'",
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      "text": "Educares are important informal micro-enterprises",
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      "text": "Safe shops for children: house shops sell chips, sweets and icecream",
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      "text": "Informal micro-enterprises are firmly established in the township and inner city environment. The goods they sell and the services these businesses provide form an integral part of the coherence of township life. The scope and scale of these micro-enterprises has been poorly understood.",
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      "text": "This document provides a synopsis of the results of FIME endeavours to quantify the scope and scale of informal micro-enterprises. We understand informal micro-enterprises as being very small businesses, which characteristically employ fewer than five persons, have capital assets of less than R100,000, operate informally and outside of regulatory frameworks. Many operate illegally, though the great majority sell legally manufactured products obtained from the formal economy.",
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      "text": "Introduction\n> The Sustainable Livelihoods Foundation (SLF) seeks to contribute towards the improvement of livelihoods among marginalised and vulnerable communities. The Foundation aims to achieve progressive change through actions in three areas: first, through improving policies and livelihoods programmes by undertaking rigorous evidence based research; second, through engaging and interacting with communities to understand their needs and recognise their solutions; and thirdly, through supporting appropriate and adaptable innovations (including policy led innovations) to strengthen human resilience.",
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      "text": "In support of this vision, the Foundation has initiated the Formalising Informal Micro-Enterprises (FIME) Project. The FIME objective is to develop an understanding of the obstacles that hinder the growth and formalisation of micro-enterprises situated in the informal economy in order to influence the policy environment and at the same time to encourage greater industry support for micro-enterprise. The project has enabled SLF to undertake path-breaking research into the informal economy of townships within the Western Cape, Gauteng and KwaZulu Natal.",
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      "text": "Previous research suggests that there exists a small but important layer of informal enterprises within the South African economy - thought to reflect 10% of the scale of the formal economy. However, little is known of these businesses or the factors that foster or inhibit enterprise development within the sector. There is at best rudimentary knowledge of the scope and scale of the informal economy and its associated economic impacts.",
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      "text": "Their 'informalness' can be either intended, as a result of an implicit cost-benefit analysis to avoid the various requirements for business registration, or unintended, as a result of policies and regulations that deliberately prohibit businesses from operating in certain contexts and localities.",
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      "kind": "title",
      "text": "The scope and scale of micro-enterprises in the township informal economy",
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