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  "documentTitle": "2022 Japan Consumer Survey on Next-Generation Automobiles",
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      "text": "1. Carrot-and-stick government policy: The Japanese government should provide clear outlines and roadmaps for automotive manufacturers working to transition to a BEV-focused production base. At the same time, the government should also consider stricter restrictions or tighter regulations on the manufacturing of vehicles that fail to meet ZEV criteria.\n2. Beyond lithium-ion: Japan should invest in next-generation battery technologies, such as lithium-sulphur, fluoride-ion, and lithium-air batteries.\n3. Development of advanced power devices for BEVs: Japanese manufacturers should focus production efforts on developing components for BEVs like Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs) and silicon-carbide and gallium-nitride semiconductors.",
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      "text": "4. Strengthening development of distributed power: As Japan is particularly prone to the effects of natural disasters, it should consider a wider distribution of its power sources to ensure stability in its power supply.\n5. Exploring the mass production of hydrogen engine vehicles and e-fuel vehicles: Wada believes the Japanese automotive industry should consider incorporating hydrogen engine vehicles and e-fuel vehicles into their production. Some projections show hydrogen becoming a viable technology option for some vehicle applications, and this offers the potential for synergetic development of a green hydrogen industry alongside the burgeoning renewable energy industry in Japan.\n6. Strengthening development of V2X (vehicle-to-everything) communication: As BEVs and PHEVs gain prominence among consumers, demand for more efficient energy management and interconnectivity with other devices and appliances is expected to rise in response. While V2X is still in the early stages of development, the development of such technology could address such demands and give rise to new industries.\n7. Strengthening development of wireless charging while driving: Although wireless power supply development is still in its infancy, investment in such infrastructure will be vital. The government should consider investing in current academic efforts in this field.",
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      "text": "45 There has been some debate over whether ICEVs powered by synthetic fuels created using clean electricity can be considered alongside true ZEVs (BEVs and FCEVs) as a viable option to decarbonise transport. Due to the fact that this does not offer co-benefits from reducing air pollution and the significant efficiency losses in e-fuel production, an increasing number of experts expect only a very limited future role for this technology in road transport.",
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      "text": "Develop new technology and win ahead of the rest of the world on the premise of zero emissions!",
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