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  "documentTitle": "First Steps into the Labour Market 2021 International survey of students and recent graduates",
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      "text": "In Germany, as demographic change begins to bite for a small proportion of public institutions, providers have turned to recruiting international students to fill gaps in enrollment. It is notable that these universities are in regions in need of skilled workers, though students at so-called shrinking universities are less likely to want to stay on in the town of study, versus elsewhere in Germany.",
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      "text": "While domestic human capital development is the concern of employment ministries, others—notably, trade, foreign, and development ministries—are more focused on the contributions of those graduates who return home. For trade and foreign affairs ministries, returning graduates represent a growing network of future professionals, through whom diplomatic and business links might be forged.",
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      "text": "However, the number of people who go on to receive work visas post-graduation is not as high as is sometimes imagined, and it varies significantly across countries. Data from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development show that while a majority of international students remained in Canada and Germany five years after receiving a study permit in 2015, and around half did so in Australia, that proportion was just one in six in the United Kingdom, and lower across many other European destinations.",
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      "text": "Some destination countries also view international students as a means to address regional skills and demographic shortages, with the hope that graduates will utilize networks built during their studies to find work in the surrounding region, even while the majority of students tend to study in metropolitan areas.",
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      "text": "28-32 Citations and references regarding student retention and soft power indices.",
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      "text": "INTERNATIONAL STUDENT MOBILITY: A POST-PANDEMIC RESET OR A BROADER CHALLENGE?",
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