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  "documentTitle": "Hydrogen applications and business models",
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  "notes": "The slide uses a custom visual legend for technology maturity and decarbonisation scores.",
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      "kind": "disclaimer",
      "text": "Use of CO2 from CCS is not considered in the range of possible solutions 2. Based on 2017 figures 3. Million tonnes oil equivalent Sources: IEA WEO 2019; Kearney Energy Transition Institute",
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      "text": "Maturity of technologies: Commercial stage, Pilot stage, Research stage, Not an option. Maturity of decarbonisation options: +++ At least one commercial option, ++ At least one pilot project, + Ongoing R&D investment",
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      "text": "Hydrogen not mature for commercial aviation application, more progressing for shipping (small boats); H2 application for rail is relevant to replace diesel engine in non-electrified rails; H2 relevant for heavy duties vehicle (trucks and buses, for which battery weight is a major issue); H2 is required for petrochemicals, and is generally produced by reforming of methane (Brown); Relevant for heat and power but expensive and already addressed by Renewables",
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      "text": "Hydrogen is competing with other low carbon solutions that tackle similar applications",
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      "text": "Hydrogen substitution matrix",
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