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  "documentTitle": "Hydrogen applications and business models",
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  "notes": "Includes a technical illustration of a hydrogen van and two data tables summarizing market and performance metrics.",
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      "text": "However, because of the cyclical nature of trips, a refueling station for public applications could be centralized and shared between all city vehicles.",
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      "text": "Technical diagram of hydrogen van components",
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      "text": "Vans can also be equipped with a H2 tank–PEM fuel cell–Li-ion battery–electric motor combination. Battery packs have a 22 to 80 kWh capacity (vans). Potential users include company fleets (such as parcel delivery companies) and public fleets (such as garbage trucks and sweepers). Large-scale deployment will require refueling infrastructure and compliance with local regulations, especially on tank safety. However, because of the cyclical nature of trips, a refueling station for public applications could be centralized and shared between all city vehicles. Hydrogen–diesel hybrid trucks are also commercialized, where H2 is powering non-vital applications, such as for garbage trucks or a power box for a loader and compactor.",
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      "text": "Sources: \"The Future of Hydrogen,\" International Energy Agency, June 2019; Kearney Energy Transition Institute",
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      "kind": "title",
      "text": "Vans and utility trucks powered by fuel cells can be used for short-distance, cyclical trips",
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