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      "text": "Upstream and downstream (scope 3 emissions) can constitute up to 90% of large corporations' overall emissions, with variable distribution across the sources.",
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      "text": "Under certain conditions, which vary per country, companies are now required to ensure that their subsidiaries and suppliers respect human rights and the environment, including their carbon footprint across the value chain. In 2016, at least 92% of Fortune 500 companies responding to the CDP used the GHG Protocol directly or indirectly through a program based on the GHG Protocol. Upstream and downstream (scope 3 emissions) can constitute up to 90% of large corporations' overall emissions, with variable distribution across the sources. For example, in the automotive industry, about 98% of scope 3 emissions are downstream (see next slide). The most emitting category is the fuel combustion during usage, representing almost all downstream emissions.",
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