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  "documentTitle": "Roland Berger views on H2 market development",
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  "authorName": "Roland Berger",
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      "text": "The government will have to step in, as it did before for natural gas infrastructure.",
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      "text": "1. Ensure timely availability of large-scale infrastructure",
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      "text": "2. Facilitate local production and consumption, while attracting global supply",
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      "kind": "paragraph",
      "text": "If experience has taught the Netherlands what it takes to become an energy hub, it must now put these lessons into practice to become a hydrogen hub.",
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      "text": "The key challenge is to break the deadlock between supply and demand in terms of price, timing and flexibility. From a demand perspective, it is uncertain when the willingness to pay for green end-products is such that it justifies investments and signed offtake contracts - this despite EU ETS regulation and several targets such as those included in RED. On the supply",
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      "text": "As the example of natural gas shows, if you want to grow into an international hub it helps if you already have a base to start from at home. The Netherlands has that base - with first projects announced for both hydrogen production and consumption - but will need to do more to accelerate those plans into actual and final investment decisions and a real competitive advantage.",
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      "text": "There is a clear unit cost benefit when building infrastructure at large scale. However, it is too uncertain when the infrastructure can be used at full capacity, and the upfront investment is too high to develop an infrastructure of sufficient size to achieve those benefits. The government will have to step in, as it did before for natural gas infrastructure.",
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      "text": "The government's role will include public investment, but also creating the right conditions such as fast-tracked permitting. Permitting can be sped up by a proactive attitude, competent and sufficient personnel, a flexible design, and a parallel permitting process using digital tooling such as parametric design. This will result in significantly shorter lead times for rework and simplified communication with competent authorities, and will make developing new hydrogen projects faster and cheaper without compromising safety. For an onshore hydrogen network and storage, it seems clear which parties are responsible, but for an offshore hydrogen network and large-scale import infrastructure, the government needs to clarify who will take this responsibility.",
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      "text": "To become a hydrogen hub, the Netherlands must be ready to accommodate large-scale import, transport and storage when and as (international) supply and demand take off. This means that the existing import and transport capacity must actually be repurposed and investments made in additional large-scale domestic hydrogen infrastructure (both onshore and offshore), including storage capacity, new port facilities to accommodate import streams, and interconnectors to the hinterland. Private parties cannot do this by themselves.",
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