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      "text": "Use of neural networks for language modeling: Initial uses of neural networks for next word prediction; First representations of words with dense vectors called word embeddings.",
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      "text": "Rule-based systems to simple statistical models: First application of NLP was for machine translation; Initial rule-based models required significant manual coding; Machine learning and statistical models replaced hard-coded rules.",
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      "text": "RECENT KEY INNOVATIONS HAVE ACCELERATED ADVANCEMENTS IN NLP",
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