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  "documentTitle": "Grocery profitability outlook –Europe",
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      "text": "Labor need reduction could increase with the scale / boldness of automation (e.g., up to 40% in warehouse)",
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      "text": "This calculation does not take into account the (one off) initial investment, dependent on boldness of investment this can be a large CAPEX investment (g., fully automated warehouse could require up to 5x investment of normal warehouse)",
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      "text": "Labor cost distribution: HQ (10%), in-store (70%), DC/warehouse (20%). Labor cost reduction: in-store (5 – 10%), DC/warehouse (10 – 15%)",
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      "text": "Source: McKinsey analysis, expert input",
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