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  "documentTitle": "RAIL FREIGHT IN CENTRAL ASIA AND MIDDLE EAST",
  "authorId": "RolandBerger",
  "authorName": "Roland Berger",
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  "notes": "Includes a map of existing/planned rail lines and stacked bar charts for trade.",
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      "text": "Deterioration of railway infrastructure in last decades due to war and political instability.",
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      "text": "Map of Iraq rail network",
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      "text": "Baghdad-Basra-Umm Qasr as key rail freight transport route... Kurdish northeast and west IRQ without reliable rail infrastructure... Land freight trade with Turkey, KSA, Jordan only via road",
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      "text": "Establishment of a Euro-Gulf route... Modernization of infrastructure... Reactivation of regular services...",
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      "text": "Deterioration of railway infrastructure... Investment in transportation infrastructure not a priority... Cross-border link only with Syria... Key intermodal terminal at Umm Qasr port...",
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      "text": "c.2,400 km",
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      "text": "249 ton-km m",
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      "text": "Rail share of land freight: <5%",
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      "kind": "source-note",
      "text": "1) Data from 2014... 6) Includes 11.8 % non-oil related products e.g. salt, earths & stones",
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      "text": "IRQ rail network deteriorated in 2010s, rebuilding track system and cross-border links as priority",
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      "kind": "title",
      "text": "Iraq (IRQ) current status and ambition",
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