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  "documentTitle": "Roland Berger Trend Compendium 2030 Megatrend 4 Climate change & ecosystem at risk",
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  "authorName": "Roland Berger",
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      "text": "The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) states that a level of about 450 ppm in 2100 is needed to reach the 2°C goal.",
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      "text": "The concentration of CO2 in the earth's atmosphere is approximately 402 ppm (parts per million) by volume as of October 2016. This is about 44% higher than the atmospheric CO2 levels before the Industrial Revolution in the 1750s (280 ppm). Because of slow removal processes, atmospheric CO2 will continue to increase even if emissions are substantially reduced from their present levels. Ocean acidity is on a 300 million years high, as since the beginning of the industrial era, human activity has added 4 kg of carbon dioxide per day per person on average to the ocean",
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      "text": "Without further mitigation efforts with regards to total GHG emissions, the concentration of GHG in the earth's atmosphere will rise up to 450-500 ppm towards 2030 and will be at 750-1,300 ppm in 2100. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) states that a level of about 450 ppm in 2100 is needed to reach the 2°C goal",
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      "text": "Increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHG) have been the main driver of rising temperatures since the beginning of the 20th century. The main GHG that can be directly influenced by humans in the earth's atmosphere are CO2, (more than 3/4th of total GHG emissions), methane, nitrous oxide and ozone. As anthropogenic emissions of CO2 result primarily from the combustion of fossil fuels, energy consumption is at the center of the climate change debate. About half of the anthropogenic CO2 emissions between 1750 and today have occurred in the last 40 years",
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      "text": "CO2 aside, methane accounts for the second biggest share of GHG emissions (16% in 2010, measured in CO2 equivalents). Methane is emitted by natural sources such as wetlands, as well as human activities such as leakage from natural gas systems and the raising of livestock. Methane's lifetime in the atmosphere is much shorter than CO2's, but comparing same masses methane traps over 25 times more heat from the sun radiation than CO2. Over the past ten years methane emissions have risen unexpectedly ten times faster than from 2000 to 2006 and therefore could jeopardize the 2°C climate target. The reason for this phenomenon is unclear, the strong increase could come from additional emissions from agricultural sources, mainly around the tropics, but further research is necessary",
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      "text": "CO2 concentration: 402 ppm",
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      "text": "Source: IPCC, EPA, WMO, national geograhic, environmental research letters",
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      "text": "The main lever to reduce greenhouse gases and thus global warming is the reduction of CO2 from fuel combustion",
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