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  "documentTitle": "Solving fashion’s product returns",
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  "authorName": "Roland Berger",
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  "notes": "The slide provides context on the environmental footprint of fashion returns and links it to broader economic and workforce development goals in the UK.",
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      "text": "It is important to remember that the fashion industry is a very significant part of the UK economy, contributing £29 billion to the UK gross domestic product (GDP) and employing 800,000 people. Therefore, finding ways to reduce returns and increase the adoption of CSBMS is also about shaping the future of jobs: new measures and policies will require new skills, hence creating job opportunities in the UK. However, to benefit from this, the UK must be able to anticipate the required skillset and prepare its workforce accordingly. Close collaboration between the fashion industry and educational institutions will be needed to tap into the government's Lifetime Skills Guarantee programme and ensure that future technical fashion education is based on industry needs, while providing individuals with the training they need to get a well-paid and secure job.",
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      "text": "One driver of the significant environmental footprint of the fashion industry is emissions from the reverse logistics of returned clothing and handling, such as dry-cleaning and re-packaging. In addition to this, the whole process of restocking and reselling returned clothing is economically costly for retailers, and in some cases, clothes end up in landfill or are incinerated without being worn at all. Combined with the prevalent overproduction of clothes, and the fact that more than 70% of emissions are coming from upstream processes such as raw material extraction, yarn and fabric production, and textile manufacturing, it is clear that these excess items have a significant carbon footprint. Reducing the rate of returns, therefore, plays a critical role in the net zero future of the UK fashion industry.",
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      "text": "Overall, the global fashion and textiles industry has a major impact on the environment, accounting for around 5% of global emissions. It consumes 98 million tonnes of non-renewable resources and uses 93 billion cubic metres of water annually.",
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      "text": "Circular and Shared Business Models (CSBMS), as highlighted in Phase 1, can help to create a closed-loop system by reducing the total number of fashion pieces produced. However, businesses operating these models face similar challenges regarding the environmental impact of reverse logistics, and need to find ways to be profitable and attractive for the mass market. Therefore, applying learnings from returns handling to CSBMS could inspire ways to make these new business models more attractive for fashion businesses.",
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      "kind": "source-note",
      "text": "Credit: Di Petsa",
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