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      "text": "Innovative funding models will help address these regional differences, but in order to become fully sustainable in the long run, these issues need addressing",
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      "text": "These differences lead to the regions being less attractive to commercial parties, which exacerbates the problem. Low-hanging fruit, or the projects that have slightly positive NPV, have already been invested in, leaving only the areas with the worst prospects",
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      "text": "While mobile broadband costs in GNI per capita is below the 2% recommendation, taking into consideration the regional differences, being online is unaffordable for many on the poorer islands because income levels are lower",
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      "text": "Extreme regional differences exist between islands in Indonesia that lead to large discrepancies in educational standards between regions",
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      "text": "Besides the relatively high costs in poor regions, digital literacy is likely to be low because of low connectivity, meaning that demand would for connectivity would be low even if coverage was expanded by telco operators. Thus, telco operators are again less likely to invest in these regions, as revenues will be low",
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      "text": "For example, after the completion of the Palapa ring near Papua, the least densely populated island of Indonesia, mobile operators were still reluctant to broach the island because of low commercial viability",
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      "text": "The key issue to be resolved in Indonesia, besides funding, is regional differences",
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