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  "documentTitle": "Indonesia case study",
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      "text": "Operating model: Private company/consortium, State/gov't driven, Turnkey (+ Lease), Cooperative and Voluntary set-ups",
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      "text": "Technology: Fiber 30%, WISP 30%, 4G 38%, Satellite 2%",
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      "text": "Funding structure: Demand-side subsidy, USO financing, Regulated advertising, Community contribution, Govt co-investment",
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      "text": "Context: The mobile segment in Indonesia plays a major role. Mobile internet is widespread and penetration is over 130%. However, only 14% of households are subscribed to the fixed segment, with the many islands being a major obstacle. ~19% of schools in Indonesia are not connected to the internet. 70% of these unconnected schools covered by a base transceiver station, while 12,600 (30%) schools are not, meaning the schools are completely removed from connectivity. Additionally, the unconnected school proportion is much higher in sparsely populated areas. A five-year plan made in 2019 aims to provide 20 Mbps service to 30% of the population, including 71% of urban households. Still, 13M people across 12,500 remote villages have no internet access",
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      "text": "Indonesia’s geography forms a barrier to be able to connect all schools, different funding models apply for the less developed regions",
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