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  "documentTitle": "South Africa Economic Outlook Productivity Potential Index (PPI): A new way of measuring countries’ productive competitiveness.",
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  "notes": "Includes a bar chart comparing port rankings in Southern Africa.",
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      "kind": "callout",
      "text": "What can private companies do to help themselves?",
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      "text": "What can the public sector do to fix this?",
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      "text": "What can the private sector do to help the public sector?",
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      "text": "Whether ranked out of 348 or 434 territories, South Africa's port performance is dismal: Durban, the busiest shipping terminal in Sub-Saharan Africa, is placed 341st.",
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      "text": "Figure 4: Southern Africa major port rankings",
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      "text": "Port ranking: 341",
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      "text": "Local companies are facing an unprecedented level of supply chain risk and uncertainty. Risks are far-reaching, including the key challenge of slow throughput times at ports.",
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      "text": "The World Bank Container Port Performance Index 2022 ranks harbours based on operational time stamps... South Africa's port performance is dismal: Durban, the busiest shipping terminal in Sub-Saharan Africa, is placed 341st.",
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      "text": "Reliable logistics systems and faster container throughput rates could support productivity.",
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      "text": "Summary: The volume of rail and port cargo handled in South Africa has declined notably over the past several years. The country's ports are ranked amongst the worst performing globally based on the operational time for port-of-call by ships.",
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      "text": "Across Sub-Saharan Africa, port ownership and service models are gravitating towards greater private sector involvement. The trend is for governments to play more of an oversight and regulatory role.",
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      "text": "Physical capital includes the infrastructure and machinery used in production. A high level of capital stock means that workers have access to the best tools and equipment, increasing output per unit of labour.",
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      "kind": "paragraph",
      "text": "South Africa's development strategy intended to use state-owned enterprises (SOEs) to provide services and infrastructure... our report 'Where Next for Government in South Africa? An opportunity for change' noted one of the potential remedies.",
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      "text": "South Africa Economic Outlook March 2024",
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      "text": "Infrastructure and physical capital: New models for port management create opportunities for private investment.",
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