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  "documentTitle": "Trend Compendium 2050 Six megatrends that will shape the world",
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  "authorName": "Roland Berger",
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  "notes": "The slide uses a dual-axis chart to illustrate the correlation between CO2 levels and temperature anomalies, supported by bullet points explaining the greenhouse effect and GWP.",
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      "text": "Carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in the atmosphere in-creased significantly since 1880 and even more rapidly within the past 60 years.",
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      "text": "Carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in the atmosphere in-creased significantly since 1880 and even more rapidly within the past 60 years. Today it is well above 400 parts per million (ppm). This is the highest level for at least 800,000 years. In parallel to the rise in CO2 concentration, the global average temperature increased around 1.2°C above pre-industrial levels. The graph only shows CO2 concentration. Other greenhouse gases (GHG) also contribute to the greenhouse effect and human-induced climate change: besides CO2, methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) also play an important role. CO2's lifetime cannot be represented with a single value as some of the excess CO2 is absorbed quickly (e.g. by the ocean surface) while some will remain in the atmosphere for thousands of years; methane lasts about 12 years and nitrous oxide around 109 years. To make GHG emissions comparable, scientists evaluate the Global Warming Potential (GWP), measuring the contribution to global warming of a specific mass of a GHG relative to the same mass of CO2. Thus, using GWP, the CO2-equivalent (CO2e) of any GHG can be measured. Over 100 years, the GWP of methane and nitrous oxide are nearly 30 and 273 times higher, respectively, than the GWP of CO2",
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      "text": "CO2 concentration (ppm) and temperature anomaly (°C): 1.2°C",
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      "text": "Sources: NOAA; Climate Action Trackers/Interactive; EPA; IPCC; Roland Berger",
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      "text": "Alongside CO2 concentration increases, the global average temperature has risen over the last century – Both trends continue in this century",
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