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  "documentTitle": "Lebanon Economic Vision",
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      "text": "Fixed network provides coverage and pricing in line with peers; speeds however, at 6mbps, lag Syria & Iraq ranking Lebanon 130th worldwide out of 133 countries.",
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      "text": "Fixed network provides coverage and pricing in line with peers; speeds however, at 6mbps, lag Syria & Iraq ranking Lebanon 130th worldwide out of 133 countries. Today, the DSL network covers ~93.5% of the Lebanese territory; fixed broadband penetration in Lebanon is in line with peer average at ~22%; However, many subscription requests (~100,000) are pending due to a lack of capacity in central offices. Pricing is affordable at ~18 USD monthly, in line with the ~21 USD average of peer countries; pricing to GDP per capita, standing at ~0.2%, is also in line with benchmarks pricing. However, network quality is bad, with average fixed broadband speeds of ~6mbps, ranking Lebanon 130th out of 133 countries worldwide, behind Pakistan, Iraq & Syria.",
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      "text": "However, overall revenue opportunity remains from low mobile penetration. Mitigating revenue risks form shifting dynamics is achievable through increasing mobile penetration. Current penetration of ~72-96% (including and excluding refugees), compared to an average of ~114% across peer countries, signifies a potential increase of 20-40% in penetration.",
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      "text": "Lebanon remains one of few countries with a fully state owned telecommunication sector witnessing limited to inexistent private sector participation. Lebanon is one of 3 countries globally with state owned mobile operators, the other two being Andorra & Ethiopia. Private sector participation in the fixed sector is also very limited; the sole owner of the fixed infrastructure is Ogero, the government owned enterprise, with private ISP's operation limited to capacity-leasing from Ogero.",
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      "text": "Today telecom contributes ~10-20% of yearly revenues; however industry dynamics put downward pressure on revenues. Overall, the telecom sector funds ~10-20% of total government revenues, rendering the government reluctant to drive privatisation efforts in a bid to foster competition, reduce prices and enhance quality of service. However, the industry is drastically shifting from voice towards data as a main revenue contributor: Current prevalent pay-per-minute model does not allow to capitalize on voice to data shift, and puts downward pressure on future potential revenues.",
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      "text": "Source: Ministry of Telecommunications Lebanon 2015; ITU; SpeedTest; Operators website; Ministry of Finance annual reports",
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