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      "text": "Frigoken, the largest vegetable processor in Kenya, began offering aggregation services and structured demand contracts to smallholders.",
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      "text": "SOURCE: Team analysis; interviews; literature search",
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      "text": "BACKGROUND: Kenyan smallholders had limited opportunity. Kenyan smallholders had limited economic opportunities and there was a prevalence of hunger and poverty. Disaggregation of farmers made it costly to collect output. Lack of crop management knowledge.",
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      "text": "ACTION: Private sector aggregates demand. Frigoken began offering aggregation services and structured demand contracts. Provided inputs, credit, established collection centers, collected produce, offered guaranteed income.",
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      "text": "OUTCOME: Smallholder income increases. Farmers receive increased income (4X maize, 2X coffee). Frigoken expands from 50 smallholders in 1995 to >35,000 in 2007.",
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      "text": "Example of integrated private sector company: Frigoken integrates across the value chain and links to smallholders",
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