{
  "docId": "019dd923-5ca1-7489-b638-25f500cd77c2",
  "docSlug": "a69488e8d3c2f90c",
  "documentTitle": "Infrastructure beyond COVID-19",
  "authorId": "LEK",
  "authorName": "L.E.K.",
  "documentKindSlug": "consulting-deck",
  "documentKindLabel": "Consulting deck",
  "sourceTypeSlug": "strategy_consulting",
  "sourceTypeLabel": "Strategy consulting",
  "presentationDate": null,
  "orientation": "landscape",
  "aspectRatio": 1.778,
  "pageNumber": 169,
  "pageCount": 189,
  "prevPage": 168,
  "nextPage": 170,
  "slideType": "industry_trends",
  "function": "establish_context",
  "density": "overcrowded",
  "nDataPoints": 31,
  "notes": "The chart shows significant volatility in annual rainfall, with a notable recent dip in 2019.",
  "elementsJson": [
    "headline_text",
    "action_title",
    "paragraph",
    "bar_chart_vertical",
    "bullet_list",
    "footnote"
  ],
  "metadataConfidence": 1,
  "imagePath": null,
  "slideHref": "/slides/019dd923-5ca1-7489-b638-25f500cd77c2/169",
  "deckHref": "/decks/019dd923-5ca1-7489-b638-25f500cd77c2",
  "deckJsonHref": "/decks/019dd923-5ca1-7489-b638-25f500cd77c2.json",
  "deckAnchorHref": "/decks/019dd923-5ca1-7489-b638-25f500cd77c2#slide-169",
  "components": [
    {
      "bbox": null,
      "kind": "callout",
      "text": "Macro issues such as drought remain the largest challenge faced by water utility providers, with the country experiencing a 12% decline in April - October rainfall compared with the late 1990s",
      "attrs": null,
      "subkind": null,
      "toolName": "Visual emphasis",
      "toolSlug": "visual-emphasis",
      "confidence": null,
      "componentId": "019dd951-c7cb-728d-8e74-37187139888a",
      "frameworkName": null,
      "frameworkSlug": null
    },
    {
      "bbox": {
        "h": 0.4,
        "w": 0.6,
        "x": 0.08,
        "y": 0.475
      },
      "kind": "chart",
      "text": "Annual rainfall in Australia (1990-2020*)",
      "attrs": null,
      "subkind": "bar-vertical",
      "toolName": null,
      "toolSlug": null,
      "confidence": null,
      "componentId": "d7aea1eb-8f9a-433a-9a57-f6d4d1327b61",
      "frameworkName": null,
      "frameworkSlug": null
    },
    {
      "bbox": {
        "h": 0.5,
        "w": 0.28,
        "x": 0.68,
        "y": 0.43
      },
      "kind": "list",
      "text": "Macro issues such as drought remain the largest challenge faced by water utility providers, with the country experiencing a 12% decline in April - October rainfall compared with the late 1990s. Over half of Australia is currently experiencing 'severe' rainfall deficiency. The size of this rainfall deficit has been accumulating since 2017. This has caused low water storage levels particularly in northern parts of the Murray-Darling Basin. The shorter term impacts of COVID-19 on water, such as increased residential demand, are less likely to drive change than pre-emptive measures to account for prolonged periods of low rainfall",
      "attrs": null,
      "subkind": "bullet",
      "toolName": null,
      "toolSlug": null,
      "confidence": null,
      "componentId": "7acf3065-5f84-4cbd-9ec3-758694eb51c8",
      "frameworkName": null,
      "frameworkSlug": null
    },
    {
      "bbox": null,
      "kind": "metric",
      "text": "Annual rainfall (mm): 12%",
      "attrs": null,
      "subkind": "primary",
      "toolName": "Quantification",
      "toolSlug": "quantification",
      "confidence": null,
      "componentId": "019dd951-c7cb-728d-8e74-3a7272b0bbb3",
      "frameworkName": null,
      "frameworkSlug": null
    },
    {
      "bbox": {
        "h": 0.08,
        "w": 0.85,
        "x": 0.08,
        "y": 0.34
      },
      "kind": "paragraph",
      "text": "The climate of Australia is changing. Average rainfall across Australia has declined over the past decade and average temperatures have been steadily rising. A warming climate means Australia's water supply is becoming increasingly less secure and extreme droughts are more likely. Long-term investments to provide water security across the country, and to build resilience to drought and floodwaters, should be prioritised",
      "attrs": null,
      "subkind": "paragraph",
      "toolName": null,
      "toolSlug": null,
      "confidence": null,
      "componentId": "395fe37b-08c6-48fc-b4c4-8c278b680d2e",
      "frameworkName": null,
      "frameworkSlug": null
    },
    {
      "bbox": {
        "h": 0.03,
        "w": 0.3,
        "x": 0.02,
        "y": 0.96
      },
      "kind": "source-note",
      "text": "Note: * Annual rainfall for December 2020 includes average December rainfall for 1990-2019. Source: ABARES; BOM; L.E.K. research and analysis",
      "attrs": null,
      "subkind": null,
      "toolName": null,
      "toolSlug": null,
      "confidence": null,
      "componentId": "9244e01f-4748-4439-b03d-54ff35b01475",
      "frameworkName": null,
      "frameworkSlug": null
    },
    {
      "bbox": {
        "h": 0.07,
        "w": 0.85,
        "x": 0.08,
        "y": 0.19
      },
      "kind": "title",
      "text": "The strongest driver of policy and investment in both regional and urban water is long-term rainfall decline and increasing scarcity",
      "attrs": null,
      "subkind": "headline",
      "toolName": null,
      "toolSlug": null,
      "confidence": null,
      "componentId": "8788faa0-c67a-451b-922e-61b84a9ceb64",
      "frameworkName": null,
      "frameworkSlug": null
    }
  ],
  "metrics": [
    {
      "metricRaw": "Annual rainfall (mm)",
      "numberRaw": "12%",
      "numberKind": "percent",
      "actionTitle": "The strongest driver of policy and investment in both regional and urban water is long-term rainfall decline and increasing scarcity",
      "calloutText": "Macro issues such as drought remain the largest challenge faced by water utility providers, with the country experiencing a 12% decline in April - October rainfall compared with the late 1990s",
      "numberScale": null,
      "numberValue": 12,
      "metricFamily": "other",
      "numberCurrency": null
    }
  ],
  "tools": [
    {
      "name": "List presentation",
      "slug": "list-presentation",
      "agent": null,
      "layer": "slide",
      "matchId": "41c63e8c-7f7f-4c50-ba9e-2b1ddcc8b862",
      "evidence": "list/bullet: Macro issues such as drought remain the largest challenge faced by water utility providers, with the country experiencing a 12% decline in April - October rainfall compared with the late 1990s.",
      "confidence": 0.7
    }
  ],
  "frameworks": [],
  "arcBeats": [],
  "loops": [],
  "imagePathAlt": null,
  "thumbSrc": null,
  "thumbSrcAlt": null,
  "locked": true
}