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  "documentTitle": "Accelerating net zero 2050",
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      "text": "As the projections are based on reduction rates and therefore approach zero asymptotically, we considered that a company achieved the target once they reduced by at least 95% of the absolute emissions in 2020.",
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      "text": "Companies that have already achieved fast emissions reduction in the past decade were placed further ahead on the S-curve to see a deceleration in their emissions reduction rate over time, as the remaining options for emissions reduction become harder to realize. For these companies, the projection used the historical CAGR of the company.\nCompanies that had achieved little or no emissions reduction in the past decade were placed further back on the S-curve, meaning that in the projection they first catch up with the typical emissions reduction rate that industry peers had achieved in the past, and then gradually accelerate the pace of emissions reduction. For these companies, we create the projection using the median CAGR of the companies in the same industry that had reduced emissions between 2011-2020.",
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      "text": "Secondly, we created the S-shape of the curve by using a matrix of multipliers for each period (displayed on the next page), which define the speed of emissions reduction over time. These multipliers varied by scenario. The Consensus Pathways scenario reflects the emissions reduction trajectories of the Transition Pathway Initiative, which in turn reflect consensus expert knowledge about the best available technology for reducing emissions and industry-specific challenges. The Accelerated Action scenario reflects the pace of emissions reduction of mitigation pathways compatible with 1.5°C, as developed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). As the projections are based on reduction rates and therefore approach zero asymptotically, we considered that a company achieved the target once they reduced by at least 95% of the absolute emissions in 2020.",
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      "text": "We built projections of potential emissions reduction pathways for each company in our data set, and estimated in which future five year time interval the company is likely to reach zero emissions. We chose the projections to take the shape of an “S-curve”, in line with existing expert scenarios for emissions reduction by industry. As a first step, we determined a company’s starting point for the projection. This was informed by its absolute emissions in 2020 and its negative Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) from 2011 to 2020.",
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