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  "documentTitle": "Bridging the Skills Gap in the Future Workforce",
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      "text": "Innovative Skills Funding Models\n\nGovernments are finding innovative ways to incentivize latent learners. Beginning in 2019, active workers in France will be granted up to €500 per year for a \"personal training account,\" with a lifetime ceiling of €5,000 (€800 and €8,000 for those with low qualification levels) to spend on the courses of their choice. People will use a smartphone app to register and pay for courses and to certify their qualifications. It is part of the country's efforts to prepare itself for the \"global battle for skills,\" as Labor Minister Muriel Pénicaud has defined it.\n\nSingapore began a similar initiative in 2016. SkillsFuture Credit initially offers the equivalent of US$370 to all citizens of 25 years and older. Topped up over the years, it pays for government-approved courses. A related program offers workshops and other resources to help people develop their own career and skills plans.",
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      "text": "Governments are funding innovative ways to incentivize latent learners. Beginning in 2019, active workers in France will be granted up to €500 per year for a 'personal training account,' with a lifetime ceiling of €5,000.",
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      "text": "The access issue is exacerbated by the poor quality of adult training. The World Bank's Draft World Development Report 2019 underlines how adult learning programs consistently fall short of their intended impact. \"Adult literacy programs often improve word recognition but fail to improve actual reading comprehension...Entrepreneurship programs often improve business knowledge but not income or employment...Vocational training for the unemployed often improves short-run earnings but does not always increase long-run employment.\" It is rare to find systems that truly cater for the needs and challenges of vulnerable adults.",
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      "text": "Businesses and governments must act deliberately to make sure the lifelong learning revolution we're striving for does not deepen economic and social inequalities.",
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      "text": "The OECD finds that poorer, less educated and less digitally-literate adults face significant informational and motivational barriers. The European Commission notes that only 4.4 percent of the 66 million adults with at-best lower secondary education attainment participated in adult learning in 2015. A Pew study in the US reinforces the finding: 57 percent of adults with secondary schooling or less identified themselves as lifelong learners, compared with 81 percent who had completed tertiary education.",
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      "text": "Workers in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) also have less access to corporate learning. The OECD finds that workers in SMEs engage in half the amount of training activities than workers in larger firms.",
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      "text": "Another group worthy of targeted interventions is the older workforce. Older workers tend to participate less in training, due to a mixture of their own reticence and a corporate bias toward investing more in youth skills development. As populations age, equipping seniors with the skills they need to stay productive will become a priority.",
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      "text": "\"Empowering individuals to drive their own learning journey is great in theory,\" says Kathleen Mullaney, VP of Careers at Udacity, a leading Ed Tech provider, \"but, a big lesson for us was that learners also want and need guidance.\" The company provides menus of options and suggests pathways towards actual jobs. \"Self-driven learning is a difficult thing, so we try to facilitate that connection to a person's next role.\"",
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      "text": "\"Empowering individuals to drive their own learning journey is great in theory... but, a big lesson for us was that learners also want and need guidance.\" — Kathleen Mullaney, VP of Careers at Udacity",
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