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The non-GAAP financial information presented herein should be considered supplemental to, and not a substitute for, or superior to, financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP. The Company has provided this supplemental information to investors, analysts, and other interested parties to enable them to perform additional analyses of operating results, to illustrate the results of operations giving effect to the non-GAAP adjustments shown in the reconciliations, and to provide an additional measure of performance which management considers in operating the business. A reconciliation of these items to the most comparable GAAP measures is provided in our filings with the SEC and/or in the Appendix to this presentation. 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Statements that are not historical are forward-looking statements and may contain words such as “may”, “will”,“believe”, “expect”, “anticipate”, “intend”, “plan”, “project”, “estimate”, and “objective” or similar terminology, concerning the company's future financial performance, business strategy, plans, goals and objectives. These expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements include information concerning the Company's possible or assumed future performance or results of operations and are not guarantees. While these statements are based on assumptions and judgments that management has made in light of industry experience as well as perceptions of historical trends, current conditions, expected future developments and other factors believed to be appropriate under the circumstances, they are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause the Company's actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different. Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to: economic and political uncertainty, risks and adverse economic effects associated with geopolitical conflicts, legal and regulatory developments, foreign currency exchange rate changes, inflationary pressures, product and price competition, supply chain disruptions, availability and pricing of raw materials, interest rate changes, risks associated with acquisitions such as integration of operations and achieving anticipated revenue and cost benefits, work stoppages, increases in pension funding requirements, cybersecurity risks, increased legal expenses and litigation results and other risks and uncertainties described in filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). 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Vans\nSchool Bus\nTransit Bus\nRefuse & Fire", "attrs": {}, "canon": { "kind": { "name": "List", "slug": "list", "status": "active", "canonId": "019de52c-f94b-779b-a53b-fd4904a5f4d2", "version": 1, "description": "Bullet or numbered list." }, "tool": null, "subkind": { "name": "Bullet list", "slug": "bullet", "status": "active", "canonId": "019de52c-fc98-7169-a083-5cab805076ca", "version": 1, "description": null }, "framework": null }, "subkind": "bullet", "groupRole": null, "confidence": null, "extraction": { "at": "2026-05-02 06:52:59.782+00", "model": "google/gemini-2.5-flash", "runId": null, "seconds": null, "promptVersion": null }, "componentId": "c339d298-c4d6-4b61-b35d-82a97e9682b9", "parentComponentId": null }, { "bbox": { "h": 0.22, "w": 0.43, "x": 0.52, "y": 0.69 }, "kind": "list", "text": "Leverage distribution & increase Trackless geographic reach\nHighly complementary to existing publicly-funded FSS product portfolio (sewer cleaners, street sweepers)\nFurther expands FSS exposure to valued industry sub-segments such as snow & ice, tree care & vegetation\nOperates within EBITDA margin range", "attrs": {}, "canon": { "kind": { "name": "List", "slug": "list", "status": "active", "canonId": "019de52c-f94b-779b-a53b-fd4904a5f4d2", "version": 1, "description": "Bullet or numbered list." }, "tool": null, "subkind": { "name": "Bullet list", "slug": "bullet", "status": "active", "canonId": "019de52c-fc98-7169-a083-5cab805076ca", "version": 1, "description": null }, "framework": null }, "subkind": "bullet", "groupRole": null, "confidence": null, "extraction": { "at": "2026-05-02 06:52:59.782+00", "model": "google/gemini-2.5-flash", "runId": null, "seconds": null, "promptVersion": null }, "componentId": "dcff3b3b-dc0f-41b0-b16b-d342995c0fc9", "parentComponentId": null }, { "bbox": { "h": 0.02, "w": 0.02, "x": 0.92, "y": 0.94 }, "kind": "metric", "text": "14", "attrs": {}, "canon": { "kind": { "name": "Metric", "slug": "metric", "status": "active", "canonId": "019de52c-f923-73bf-8081-d0b1a8c5264d", "version": 1, "description": "Big-number or KPI value." }, "tool": null, "subkind": null, "framework": null }, "subkind": null, "groupRole": null, "confidence": null, "extraction": { "at": "2026-05-02 06:52:59.782+00", "model": "google/gemini-2.5-flash", "runId": null, "seconds": null, "promptVersion": null }, "componentId": "f4d54bfe-bf32-4fdf-a28b-37e4c7166062", "parentComponentId": null }, { "bbox": { "h": 0.04, "w": 0.3, "x": 0.65, "y": 0.61 }, "kind": "paragraph", "text": "Manufacturer of multi-purpose, maintenance vehicles based in Ontario, Canada", "attrs": {}, "canon": { "kind": { "name": "Paragraph", "slug": "paragraph", "status": "active", "canonId": "5f2affc0-941d-4d07-959d-4bfc1930cea4", "version": 1, "description": "Single prose block in the body of a slide." }, "tool": null, "subkind": { "name": "Paragraph", "slug": "paragraph", "status": "active", "canonId": "019de52c-fb80-75af-aa5c-a7a4bfac2433", "version": 1, "description": null 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FSS market share ranges from 20-50% in those categories.", "attrs": {}, "canon": { "kind": { "name": "Paragraph", "slug": "paragraph", "status": "active", "canonId": "5f2affc0-941d-4d07-959d-4bfc1930cea4", "version": 1, "description": "Single prose block in the body of a slide." }, "tool": null, "subkind": { "name": "Paragraph", "slug": "paragraph", "status": "active", "canonId": "019de52c-fb80-75af-aa5c-a7a4bfac2433", "version": 1, "description": null }, "framework": null }, "subkind": "paragraph", "groupRole": null, "confidence": null, "extraction": { "at": "2026-05-02 06:52:59.782+00", "model": "google/gemini-2.5-flash", "runId": null, "seconds": null, "promptVersion": null }, "componentId": "caa2b7b2-8b16-4a81-ad4d-4f5eed0332c2", "parentComponentId": null }, { "bbox": { "h": 0.02, "w": 0.26, "x": 0.21, "y": 0.93 }, "kind": "source-note", "text": "Source: Management, NTEA as of 2023, Specialty Research", "attrs": {}, "canon": { "kind": { "name": "Source note", "slug": "source-note", "status": "active", "canonId": "23484952-494b-4a5e-b1ad-550d0d70e948", "version": 1, "description": "Attribution / source / caveat placed at the slide footer. 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"text": "Demand Remains Strong\nTight Commercial Driver's License Labor Pool\nThe qualified CDL driver market for many specialty vehicle applications remains tight, exacerbated by the legalization of marijuana across North America. This is leading to rising customer needs for ease in equipment functionality, design and training\nAmerican Rescue Plan Act\n$350bn of government spending designated for cities, states, tribal governments and U.S. territories\nFirst $175bn distributed in 2021; second $175bn in 2022. Funds to be obligated by end of 2024 and expended by end of 2026\nInfrastructure Investment and Jobs Act\n$550bn of spending over five years to improve the nation's transportation, water, electric power and infrastructure\nRising Complexity of Vehicles\nInvestments in autonomous infrastructure and increasing \"smart\" features in vehicles are driving increased need for our road-marking and line removal offerings\nHigher mineral content in electric vehicles is driving demand for Federal Signal's metal extraction support equipment\nSupply Chain Fluidity Remains a Constraint but Improving\nEpisodic supply chain issues remain for several ESG businesses; but we expect gradual production improvements through the year\nChassis supply for key offerings has eased with heavy duty readily available and medium-duty availability improving\nLead times for certain product lines remain stretched beyond normal levels", "attrs": null, "canon": { "kind": { "name": "List", "slug": "list", "status": "active", "canonId": "019de52c-f94b-779b-a53b-fd4904a5f4d2", "version": 1, "description": "Bullet or numbered list." }, "tool": null, "subkind": { "name": "Bullet list", "slug": "bullet", "status": "active", "canonId": "019de52c-fc98-7169-a083-5cab805076ca", "version": 1, "description": null }, "framework": null }, "subkind": "bullet", "groupRole": null, "confidence": null, "extraction": { "at": "2026-05-02 06:52:59.732+00", "model": "google/gemini-2.5-flash", "runId": null, "seconds": null, "promptVersion": null }, "componentId": "b34be029-dbf2-482b-b4a6-87c9c98ed657", "parentComponentId": null }, { "bbox": { "h": 0.015, "w": 0.472, "x": 0.229, "y": 0.934 }, "kind": "source-note", "text": "Source: White House website, U.S. Department of Transportation, and Western Pacific Trucking School", "attrs": null, "canon": { "kind": { "name": "Source note", "slug": "source-note", "status": "active", "canonId": "23484952-494b-4a5e-b1ad-550d0d70e948", "version": 1, "description": "Attribution / source / caveat placed at the slide footer. 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Numbered footnotes use attrs.numbered." }, "tool": null, "subkind": null, "framework": null }, "subkind": null, "groupRole": null, "confidence": null, "extraction": { "at": "2026-05-02 06:53:07.998+00", "model": "google/gemini-2.5-flash", "runId": null, "seconds": null, "promptVersion": null }, "componentId": "e2209226-ed98-4948-9a1a-433ee525318b", "parentComponentId": null }, { "bbox": { "h": 0.11, "w": 0.77, "x": 0.06, "y": 0.276 }, "kind": "table", "text": "($ in millions)\nNet Cash Provided by Continuing Operating Activities (A)\nNet Income (B)\nAverage Cash Conversion (2019-2023) (A/B)\n2019\n$ 103.4\n$ 108.5\n2020\n$136.3\n$ 96.2\n2021\n$ 101.8\n$ 100.6\n2022\n$ 71.8\n$ 120.4\n2023\n$ 194.4\n$157.4\nTotal\n$ 607.7\n$ 583.1\n104%", "attrs": null, "canon": { "kind": { "name": "Table", "slug": "table", "status": "active", "canonId": "019de52c-f9c8-7148-8119-eaac9594cd28", "version": 1, "description": "Tabular data layout." }, "tool": null, "subkind": { "name": "Data table", "slug": "data", "status": "active", "canonId": "019de52d-02d5-75b8-8abf-88e92bf63569", "version": 1, "description": null }, "framework": null }, "subkind": "data", "groupRole": null, "confidence": null, "extraction": { "at": "2026-05-02 06:53:07.998+00", "model": "google/gemini-2.5-flash", "runId": null, "seconds": null, "promptVersion": null }, "componentId": "6417978d-9fb2-4060-bccf-05a2dfc1f332", "parentComponentId": null }, { "bbox": { "h": 0.102, "w": 0.909, "x": 0.06, "y": 0.79 }, "kind": "table", "text": "($ in millions)\nNet Cash Provided by Continuing Operating Activities\nLess: Purchases of Property and Equipment\nFree Cash Flow\n2016\n$ 26.7\n(6.1)\n$ 20.6\n2017\n$ 73.5\n(8.0)\n$ 65.5\n2018\n$ 92.8\n(14.1)\n$ 78.7\n2019\n$ 103.4\n(35.4)\n$ 68.0\n2020\n$136.3\n(29.7)\n$ 106.6\n2021\n$ 101.8\n(37.4)\n$ 64.4\n2022\n$ 71.8\n(53.0)\n$ 18.8\n2023\n$ 194.4\n(30.3)\n$164.1\nLTM Q2\n2024\n$ 223.3\n(38.8)\n$ 184.5", "attrs": null, "canon": { "kind": { "name": "Table", "slug": "table", 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Executive retention\n6. TSR component introduced in 2022 to measure performance vs. peers\nLong-Term\n3-year Cliff Vesting\n1. Executive recruitment\n2. Executive retention\nLonger-Term\n3-year Ratable Vesting Period and 10-year Exercise Period\n1. Shareholder value creation\n2. Facilitates stock ownership\n3. Executive retention", "attrs": {}, "canon": { "kind": { "name": "Table", "slug": "table", "status": "active", "canonId": "019de52c-f9c8-7148-8119-eaac9594cd28", "version": 1, "description": "Tabular data layout." }, "tool": null, "subkind": { "name": "Data table", "slug": "data", "status": "active", "canonId": "019de52d-02d5-75b8-8abf-88e92bf63569", "version": 1, "description": null }, "framework": null }, "subkind": "data", "groupRole": null, "confidence": null, "extraction": { "at": "2026-05-02 06:53:06.031+00", "model": "google/gemini-2.5-flash", "runId": null, "seconds": null, "promptVersion": null }, "componentId": "16bc95b7-d632-47c7-96ea-30604dccb843", "parentComponentId": null }, { "bbox": { "h": 0.03, "w": 0.86, "x": 0.07, "y": 0.05 }, "kind": "title", "text": "Appendix VI: Executive Compensation Aligned with Long-term Objectives", "attrs": {}, "canon": { "kind": { "name": "Title", "slug": "title", "status": "active", "canonId": "019de52c-f7dd-76d9-b848-b1f12bd85cf4", "version": 1, "description": "Slide title or headline." }, "tool": null, "subkind": { "name": "Headline", "slug": "headline", "status": "active", "canonId": "019de52c-fae1-7463-9a7c-d60668eced0d", "version": 1, "description": null }, "framework": null }, "subkind": "headline", "groupRole": null, "confidence": null, "extraction": { "at": "2026-05-02 06:53:06.031+00", "model": "google/gemini-2.5-flash", "runId": null, "seconds": null, "promptVersion": null }, "componentId": "b22d3435-167e-4746-a2f1-9ac4eb5b2710", "parentComponentId": null } ], "metrics": [], "tools": [], "frameworks": [], "arcBeats": [], "loops": [], "locked": true }, { "page": 30, "type": "appendix", "function": "appendix", "rawType": "appendix", "block": null, "metadata": { "slideType": "appendix", "slideTypeCanon": { "name": "Appendix", "slug": "appendix", "status": "active", "canonId": "019de52d-0762-71f8-b564-89ab863301cc", "version": 1, "description": null }, "function": "appendix", "functionCanon": { "name": "Appendix", "slug": "appendix", "status": "active", "canonId": "019de52d-138d-750b-83c3-49b4bc7a7a38", "version": 1, "description": null }, "density": "dense", "densityScore": 54, "componentCount": 6, "textChars": 295, "nDataPoints": 0, "notes": null, "elementsJson": null, "confidence": 0.9, "extraction": { "model": "google/gemini-2.5-flash", "runId": null, "at": "2026-05-02 06:53:06.155+00", "seconds": 4.941, "promptVersion": "v2-canon-conditioned" } }, "links": { "slide": "/slides/019de518-8499-7557-9656-22eea1eb6ca7/30", "deck": "/decks/019de518-8499-7557-9656-22eea1eb6ca7", "deckAnchor": "/decks/019de518-8499-7557-9656-22eea1eb6ca7#slide-30", "deckJson": "/decks/019de518-8499-7557-9656-22eea1eb6ca7.json" }, "components": [ { "bbox": { "h": 0.04, "w": 0.166, "x": 0.049, "y": 0.925 }, "kind": "image", "text": "FEDERAL SIGNAL\nMoves. 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